Each year G-d has a weeklong celebration called Sukkot. In ancient times in Jerusalem, the service in the Holy Temple during the week of Sukkot featured a total of 70 bull offerings. This, the Talmud explains, corresponds to each of the 70 nations of the world. The Temple was not just for Jews. When King Solomon built the Temple, he specifically asked G-d to heed the prayer of non-Jews who came to the Temple and the prophet Isaiah refers to the Temple as a “House for all nations.”
The Temple was the universal center of spirituality. In fact, the Talmud says that if the Romans would have realized how much benefit they themselves were getting from the Temple, they never would have destroyed it!
And then, at the end of Sukkot, G-d added a special day. It’s called Shemini Atseret, literally the “Eighth Day of Assembly.” On that day, only one bull was offered—representing the Jewish people. It is a day of great intimacy with our Creator, as He asks His Jewish children to remain with him for extra personal time together.
Even though Shemini Atseret immediately follows the seven-day Sukkot festival and is often considered part of Sukkot, it is, in fact, a separate holiday. This means that the She’hechiyanu blessing is recited, and the obligation to sit in the Sukkah does not apply.
Nachmanides (12th century Spain) explains a beautiful kabbalistic concept: Seven is the number of the natural world. There are seven days in the week, seven notes on the musical scale and seven directions (left, right, up, down, forward, back and center). Seven, represented by the seven days of Sukkot, is the world of nature. Eight, represented by Shemini Atseret, is that which is beyond nature.
The Jewish People, says the Talmud, are beyond nature. We have survived every imaginable persecution, exile, hardship and expulsion. And still, we have achieved and thrived far beyond our numbers. As Mark Twain wrote: “All things remain mortal but the Jew; all other forces pass, but he remains. What is the secret of his immortality?”
The secret, as we know, is the special gift that G-d gave to the Jewish People: The Torah. As Rabbi Emanuel Feldman writes:
“Torah is the mysterious bridge which connects the Jew and G-d, across which they interact and communicate, and by means of which G-d fulfills His covenant with His people to sustain them and protect them.”
Therefore it is no coincidence that on Shemini Atseret we also celebrate the completion of the yearly cycle of Torah readings and the beginning of a new cycle. This event is lovingly referred to as Simchat Torah, which literally means “Rejoicing of the Torah.”
Why are we accustomed to both finish and re-start the reading of the Torah on the same day? The Sages explain: “To show that the Torah is beloved to us like a new object and not like an old command which a person no longer treasures. Since it is brand new to us, we all run to greet it.” We sing and dance for hours around the bima, carry the Torah Scroll, and express our joy at having the opportunity to come so close to G-d.
On Shmini Atzeret, as we complete this holiday season, we offer a special prayer to G-d for rain. Rain represents the blessings of growth and abundance. Through all the hard work of Elul, Rosh Hashana, Yom Kippur and Sukkot, we have come a long way. Our task now is to carry that energy throughout the year.
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Rabbi Shraga Simmons spent his childhood trekking through snow in Buffalo, New York. He has worked in the fields of journalism and public relations, and is now the Co-editor of Aish.com in Jerusalem. This article originally appeared on Aish.com.
